| c.220 | TIBOETES, uncle of Prusias I, king of Bithynia, living in Macedonia, is sent for by the Byzantines to set him up as competitor for the throne of Bithynia, but he dies enroute from Macedonia. | 220 DGRBM 3-1124 |
| c.220 | EUPHORION of Chalcis, student of Lacydes and Prytanis, poet, gramarian, flourishes mostly in Athens, but is now invited by ANTIOCHUS-III Megas to the court of Syria. | 221 GHH, wikEC 220 CAH 7.1 |
| c.220 | DEMETRIUS of Pharos expels Illyrian opponents from Dimale Illyria (30km east of Apollonia), fortifies and garrisons Dimale against possible Roman attack, leaves to defend Pharos. | 220 wikDΦ 219 CAH 8-92, wikDml |
| c.220 |  DEMETRIUS of Pharos stations 6,000 troops on Pharos island. |
220 wikDΦ |
| c.220 | History of Aratos ends here. History of Polybius (40 books) begins until 146. | 220 DGRBM 3-445, GHH |
| c.220 | AMYNAS (Amynander) becomes king of Athamania until 178. | 220 wikAθm |
| c.220 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179, at Corinth. | 220 CAH 7.1 |
| c.220 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179, at Tegea, receives assurance of fidelity from Spartan rep Omias. | 220 DGRBM 3-26 |
| c.220 | Petraeos, envoy of Philip-V sent to Sparta to receive assurance of submission, and confirm alliance. | 220 DGRBM 3-213 |
| c.220 | AEGEIRA on coast of Achaea is surprised by a party of Aetolians, who had sailed from Oeantheia in Ozolian Locris. They are driven out by the Aegiratans. | 220 DGRG 1-32 |
| c.220 | CYNAETHA, northernmost town of Arcadia, taken and sacked by Aetolians helped by Illyrian chief Scerdilaidas. Aetolian Euripidas is made governor until ?. | 220 CAH 7.1, DGRBM 2-103, atl3 |
| c.220 | Achaean assembly declares war on Aetolians. | 220 CAH 7.1, atl3 |
| c.220 | Aetolians DORIMACHOS and SCOPAS, based in Phigalea on the Arcadia/Messenia border, invade the Peloponnese. | 220 DGRBM 1-1067 |
| 220 May | TIMOXENOS strategos of 2nd Achaean League from May 221 declines to act against Aetolians. ARATOS resumes (13th time) and takes office 5 days early until May 219. | 220 CAH 7.1-474, atl3 |
| c.220 |  DEMETRIUS of Pharos island and Illyrian commander Scerdilaidas sail Adriatic south of Lissos Illyria with 90 small ships in violation of treaty. This begins 2nd ROME / ILLYRIA WAR until 219. |
220 CAH 7.1, 8-91, wikDΦ, wikIW 219 GHH, ISBE 2-803, SORH, ooctA |
| c.220 | Taurion, Macedonian general over Peloponnese, co-operates with Aratos against the inroads of the Aetolians. | 220 DGRBM 3-984 |
| c.220 | DEMETRIUS of Pharos island and Illyrian commander Scerdilaidas join in a predatory expedition against the Achaeans, and conclude a treaty with Aetolians against Achaeans. | 220 DGRBM 3-739 |
| c.220 | DEMETRIUS of Pharos island and Illyrian commander Scerdilaidas assault Pylos in Messenia, fail, separate their forces. Demetrius sails with 50 ships round the Peloponnese and plunders the Cyclades. Scerdilaidas with 40 ships returns north. | 220 CAH 8-92, wikDΦ, wikIW |
| c.220 | Illyrian commander SCERDILAIDAS docks at Naupactos Aetolia with 40 ships, encouraged by bro-in-law Amynas, king of the Athamanes, to join the Aetolians in their planned invasion of Achaea. | 220 wikDΦ |
| c.220 | BYZANTIUM imposes tolls on shipping passing thru Bosporus. | 220 atl3 |
| c.220 | BYZANTIUM vs. RHODES + BITHYNIA War begins until 219. | 220 OCD 893 |
| c.220 | SPARTA, in Hellenic League from 222, defects to Aetolian League, tries to recall Cleomenes-III from Egypt. | no date: LEWH 92 |
| c.220 | ADEIMANTOS, a pro-Macedonian Spartan ephor, is murdered. | 220 atl3 |
| c.220 | Aetolian League led by DORIMACHOS and SCOPAS invade Messenia, ravage territories. | 220 DGRBM 3-753 |
| c.220 | ARATOS and Achaeans come to aid of Messenia. | 220 DGRBM 3-753 |
| c.220 | THRASYPHON becomes eponymous archon of Athens until 219. | 220 wikEA |
| c.220 | 2nd Achaean LEAGUE under Aratos of Sicyon, allied with Macedonian general Taurion, tries to expel Aetolian League from Peloponnese. Aratos orders an attack on the better positioned Aetolians led by DORIMACHOS and SCOPAS at Caphyae Arcadia. Aratos is defeated. 2,000 Achaean soldiers flee the field. | 220 CAH 7.1-474, DGRBM 1-1067, 3-753, 984, DGRG 1-505, atl3, wikAS, wikSA |
| c.220 | Aetolian army led by DORIMACHOS and SCOPAS leaves Peloponnese. | 220 atl3 |
| c.220 | Achaean assembly sends out ambassadors to seek aid from allies, including Philip-V of Macedonia. | 220 atl3 |
| c.220 | ARISTON, strategos of Aetolian League from ?, ends. Kinsman SCOPAS elected until 219. | 220 DGRBM 3-753, atl3, wikSA |
| c.220 | HELLENIC LEAGUE, on orders of Philip-V, meets at Corinth, declares war on Aetolian League because of their piracy and defeat of Aratos and Achaeans at Caphyae Arcadia. | 220 CAH 8-94, DGRBM 3-753, OCD 997, atl3 no date LEWH 92 |
| c.220 | Aetolian MACHATAS is envoy to Sparta to get Spartans to join Aetolians against Philip-V and Achaeans. Sparta, now a republic with its king Cleomenes-III in Egypt, declines. | 220 DGRBM 2-885 |
| c.220 | SOCIAL WAR begins until 217. Aetolian League + Sparta + Elis vs. 2nd Achaean League + Macedon. | 220 CAH 7.1, CDCC 829, DGRBM, Dur 2-561, GHH, MCAW, atl3 |
| c.220 | DYME on coast of Achaea taken by Eleans under Aetolian Euripides until 219. | 220 DGRG 1-795 219 DGRBM 2-103 |
| c.220 | AETOLIAN LEAGUE receives funds from ATTALUS-I of Pergamum for help against Philip-V. | 220 OCD 144 |
| 220 /19 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179, allies with Illyrian chief Scerdilaidas. | 220 DGRBM 3-739, atl3 220/19 CAH 7.1 |
| c.219 | Consuls L. AEMILIUS PAULUS and M. Livius SALINATOR are sent to the Adriatic and Illyria. Romans 2nd intervention in Balkans. | 220 MCAW 219 B76 V-304, CAH 8-35, 93, CDCC 829, DGRBM 1-965, 3-153, 694 |
| c.219 | Roman consul L. Aemilius Paulus prepares to besiege Dimale Illyria but is able, with local help, to take it by assault within 7 days, then goes to Pharos island. All Illyrian towns in the area submit to Roman protection. | 219 wikDΦ, wikDml |
| c.219 | DEMETRIUS of Pharos, chieftain of Illyria, defeated on Pharos island by consul Aemilius Paulus, flees to court of Philip-V, advocates anti-Roman policy. | 219 B76 III-457, 8-383-4, mid CAH 7.1-478, 7.2, 8-32, DGRBM 1-965, 3-370, GHH, OCD 325, 928, SORH, bk, wikLI 218 wikDΦ |
| c.219 | PHAROS Island comes under Rome. |
219 Jun CAH 8-36, DGRBM 1-965 |
| c.219 | ILLYRIA becomes protectorate of Rome until 395CE. PINNES is confirmed as king of Illyria at Scodra. Tribute is imposed. | 219 B76 8-383-4, CAH 7-848, 8-32, DGRBM 3-370, HRRP 1-509, OCD 928, rcWB |
| c.219 | BYLAZORA, capital of Paeonia, under Macedonians from 231, taken by Longaros king of Dardania until 217. | 219 wikLng |
| c.219 | DYRRHACHIUM (formerly Epidamnus) under Illyria from 312, comes under Rome until 395CE. | 219 rcWB |
| c.219 | BYZANTIUM vs. RHODES + BITHYNIA War from 220 ends. | 219 DGRG 1-658 |
| c.219 | 2nd ROME / ILLYRIA WAR from 220 ends. | 219 atl3, wikIW |
| c.219 | PIERIA province of south Macedonia invaded without opposition and ravaged by Aetolian League under Scopas, thus leaving Aetolia vulnerable to attack by Philip-V. | 219 CAH 7.1, spring DGRBM 3-753 spring wikSA |
| c.219 |  DODONA in Epirus raided by Dorimachos strategos of Aetolian League. Temple of Zeus sacked and burnt. It never recovers. Sacred oaks cut down. But the oracle continues to exist and be consulted until 3rd cent. CE. |
219 CAH 7.1, CDGRA 451, DGRA 840, DGRBM 1-1067, DGRG 1-782, HRRP 2-11, OCD 358, atl3, wikDd |
| Λ suspicious similarity V | ||
| c.219 | DYME (Dium, Dion) on coast of Achaea, under Eleans from 220, sacked and destroyed by Aetolian League under Scopas. Temple of Zeus burnt. | 219 DGRBM 3-753, GHH, atl3, wikDP, spring wikSA |
| c.219 | THRASYPHON, eponymous archon of Athens from 220, ends. MENECRATES succeeds until 218. | 219 wikEA |
| c.219 | Aetolian Euripidas, with army of Elis, ravages land of Dyme, Pharai, Tritaia. | 219 DGRBM 2-103 |
| c.219 | Aetolian Euripidas, with army of Elis, defeats Miccos, lieutenant of Achaean League. | 219 DGRBM 2-103 |
| c.219 | SCOPAS, strategos of Aetolian League from 220, ends. DORIMACHOS elected until 218. | 219 DGRBM 3-753, GHH |
| c.219 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 with 5,700 troops, invades Aetolia. | 219 DGRBM HRRP 2-19 |
| c.219 | ELAEOS Aetolia, under Calydon from ?, taken by Philip-V. | 219 DGRG 1-810 |
| c.219 | DYME recovered by Philip-V, rebuilt, and restored to Dymeans 218. | 219 DGRG 1-795 |
| c.219 | News of CLEOMENES-III death in Alexandria 220 arrives at Sparta. SPARTA, republic from 221, returns to dual monarchy. Grandson of Cleombrotos-II, AGESIPOLIS-III becomes last Agiad king of Sparta (a puppet) until 215. The claim of Eurypontid Chilon is ignored. Lycurgos, a rich man with no royal blood, buys off the ephors, and is chosen Eurypontid king LYCURGOS until 210. |
220 DGRBM 2-857, GHH 219 CAH 7.1-476, MRDK, OCD 1007-8, atl3, lvG, rcPl, wikKS |
| c.219 | CHILON, a passed over Eurypontid, attempts a coup, promises to divide property with the poor, gathers only 200 followers. They surprise the ephors at supper and murder them, then attack house of Lycurgos, who escapes to Pellene. Chilon flees to Achaea. | 220 DGRBM 1-691, atl3 219 CAH 7.1-476 218 atl3 |
| c.219 | Aetolian MACHATAS is again envoy to Sparta to get Spartans to join Aetolians against Philip-V and Achaeans. This time Sparta agrees. | 219 DGRBM 2-885 |
| c.219 | Sparta allies with Aetolia against Philip-V and Achaeans, declares war on 2nd Achaean League. | 220/19 CAH 7.1 219 DGRBM 2-885 219 atl3 |
| 219 May | ARATOS, strategos of 2nd Achaean League from May 220, ends. His son ARATOS-II succeeds until May 218. | 219 GHH, atl3 |
| c.219 | LYCURGOS Eurypontid king of Sparta 219-10, attacks Argolis and seizes the Athenaeum near Belbina. | 219 spring CAH 7.1 |
| 219 | 3 cities withdraw from 2nd Achaean League. | 219 HRRP 2-19 |
| c.219 | AIGEIRA on coast of Achaea taken by Aetolians led by DORIMACHOS and others, who are soon expelled. | 220 DGRBM 1-111 219 CAH 7.1, DGRBM 1-1067, atl3 |
| c.219 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179, at Larissa Thessaly. | 219 CAH 7.1 |
| c.219 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 with 15,000 inf and 800 cav, goes to Epirus. He is quickly joined by all Epirotes and Acarnanians. | 219 mid CAH 7.1, DGRBM 3-280 |
| c.219 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 from Epirus to Acarnania. | 219 mid CAH 7.1 |
| c.219 | AMBRAKIA fortress on coast of Acarnania besieged and taken by Philip-V. | 219 atl3 |
| c.219 | Bridge over Alpheios river near Heraea Arcadia restored by Philip-V. | 219 DGRG 1-1051 |
| c.219 | GORTYS Arcadia, 20km east of Alipheira, taken by Aetolian Euripidas, general of Elis. | 219 DGRG 1-1006 |
| c.219 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179, with 6,000 men, appears at Corinth, defeats Euripidas general of Eleans near Stymphalos. | 219 atl3 219/8 CAH 7.1-477 |
| c.219 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 invades Elis. | 219 DGRBM GHH |
| c.219 | Aetolian Euripidas, with 2,200 inf and 100 cav of Elis, advances from Psophis Arcadia to invade Sicyonia. | late 219 DGRBM 2-103 |
| 219/8 | Aetolian Euripidas, with 2,200 inf and 100 cav of Elis, returning to Psophis Arcadia, encounters some Macedonians, deserts his troops, escapes with a few cavalry to Psophis. His Elean troops are annihilated. PHILIP-V then advances to Psophis and forces it to surrender. Euripidas is allowed to return to Aetolia. | 219 GHH 219/8 DGRBM 2-103 |
| 219/8 | PSOPHIS fortress on the Erymanthus in southern Elis taken by PHILIP-V, who then ravages Elis, penetrates southern Elis and Triphylia (just south of it), which he conquers in 6 days. | 219/8 CAH 7.1-477, LEWH 92 218 atl3 |
| 219/8 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 marches to a rendezvous with the Achaean army at Caphyae Arcadia. | 219/8 CAH 7.1-477 |
| 219/8 | PHILIP-V winters at Argos. | 219/8 CAH 7.1-477, DGRBM |
| 219/8 | POLYSTRATOS, head of Epicurean Kepos (Garden) in Athens from 250, dies. DIONYSIUS of Lamptrai succeeds until 205. | 240 atl3 219 wikDL 219/8 CHHΦ, wikPE |
| c.218 early | Aetolian PHILIDAS sent by Dorimachos to help Elis against Philip-V in Triphylia. | early 218 DGRBM 3-363 |
| c.218 | TRIPHYLIA (south of Elis) taken by PHILIP-V, its towns garrisoned. Placed under pro-Macedonian Ladicus of Acarnania. | 219/8 CAH 7.1-477, LEWH 92 |
| c.218 | KAVAROS, king of Celtic kingdom of TILIS, in east Thrace from ?, ends. | 218 hifiGlt |
| c.218 | MENECRATES, eponymous archon of Athens from 219, ends. CHAEREPHON succeeds until 217. | 218 wikEA |
| c.218 | EPITALION, a town of Triphylia, taken by PHILIP-V. | 218 DGRG 1-843 |
| c.218 | PHILIP-V joined by Macedonian general Taurion, now has 7,500 men, invades and devastates Laconia. | 218 CAH 7.1, DGRBM 3-984, HRRP 2-19, atl3 |
| c.218 early | Aetolian PHILIDAS sent with 600 men by Dorimachos to help the Eleans. Having failed against Philip-V, he goes to Lepreon Triphylia, but finds inhabitants hostile. As Philip-V approaches, Philidas flees, loses all his baggage, but escapes to Samicon Triphylia. Philip-V besieges Samicon. Philidas surrenders. He and his men are allowed to leave with their weapons, but are driven out of Triphylia. | early 218 DGRBM 3-363, 268 |
| c.218 | PHILIP-V's 219/18 campaign opens a west coast route thru Epirus, western Ambracia and Acarnania. To carry that route thru to the Peloponnese Philip needs a port and a navy. | 219 CAH 7.1-478 |
| c.218 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 equips a fleet. | mid 218 CAH 8-94 |
| c.218 | PHILIP-V is tricked by royal advisor Apelles into supporting Eperatos of Pherae, rival of Aratos of Sicyon. | 218 atl3, wikAS |
| c.218 | Illyrian chieftain SCERDILAIDAS rises to fill the vacancy left by Demetrius of Pharos 219, becomes king of the Ardiae until 206. | 218 wikLI, wikSc |
| c.218 | Illyrian chieftain SCERDILAIDAS sends a small squadron to support Philip-V, but renders little assistance, either then or any subsequent occasion during the war. | 218 DGRBM 3-739 |
| 218 May | ARATOS-II, strategos of 2nd Achaean League from May 219, ends. ARATOS of Sicyon, main ruler of 2nd Achaean League from 245, declines to run, lets Timoxenos go in his place. But Timoxenos loses election to rival EPERATOS of Pherae, who succeeds until May 217. | 218 CAH 7.1, DGRBM 2-25, GHH, atl3, wikAS |
| c.218 | No longer threatened by Macedonian invasion, 2nd Achaean League dissipates. Aetolians use this situation to pillage the Peloponnese again, now with Spartan help. | 218 wikAS |
| c.218 | SCOPAS is sent with a mercenary force by Dorimachos, strategos of Aetolian League, to help Elis, but there is no account of what comes of it, and Scopas does not reappear until 211. | 218 DGRBM 3-753, wikSA |
| c.218 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179, campaigns against Aetolians in the Adriatic, attacks Cephalonia island. | mid 218 CAH 7.1-479, 8-94, atl3 |
| c.218 | Megaleas, secretary to Philip-V, and Leontius, captain of the peltasts, incite mutiny among Macedonian troops at Corinth. It is soon quelled. | 218 DGRBM 2-1007 |
| c.218 | Aetolian general Pyrrhias sent to take command in Elis while Philip-V is absent. | 218 DGRBM 3-608 |
| c.218 | LYCURGOS king of Sparta invades Messenia. | 218 DGRBM 2-857 |
| c.218 | Messenian GORGOS sent as ambassador to Philip-V now besieging Palos in Cephalonia, to ask him to help Messenia against Lycurgos king of Sparta. Philip-V prefers the advice of the Acarnanians to invade Aetolia, and orders Achaean general Eperatos to help the Messenians. | 218 DGRBM 2-286, 857 |
| c.218 | DORIMACHOS strategos of Aetolian League, invades Thessaly, hoping to draw Philip-V away from besieging Palos in Cephalonia. | 218 DGRBM 1-1067, 2-857 |
| c.218 | Petraeos, general of Philip-V successfully opposes Dorimachos in Thessaly. | 218 DGRBM 3-213 |
| c.218 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179, is forced to abandon Cephalonia island, because of Dorimachos and treachery of Leontius. Philip is now free to attack Aetolia, now that Dorimachos is away. | 218 CAH 7.1-479, DGRBM 1-1067, atl3 |
| c.218 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179, goes from Acarnania to Aetolia. | 219 DGRBM, atl3 |
| c.218 | PHILIP-V invades Aetolia, sacks capital Thermum (Thermae), molests its sanctuary (retaliation for Dyme 219). | 219 GHH 219/8 CAH 7.1-477, LEWH 92 218 CAH 7.1, DGRBM 1-891, 1067, DGRG 1-66, atl3 |
| c.218 | GUARDIANS of Philip-V are accused of sabotaging his naval policy. Megaleas is fined and released on bail provided by Leontius. Meanwhile Apelles had gone to Chalcis, where he used his authority to hold up supplies from that base. | 218 CAH 7.1-479, 8-94, atl3 |
| c.218 | Macedonian advisors CRINON and MEGALEAS are imprisoned by Philip-V until someone pays 20 talents to free them. | 218 DGRBM 1-891 |
| c.218 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179, fires his now unwanted council of guardians. Megaleas, Leontius and Apelles are executed on suspicion of treason. | 218 mid CAH 7.1-479, 8-94, atl3 |
| c.218 | PHOCIS occupied by Philip-V, put directly under a Macedonian commander, and remains so until 198. | 218 fall CAH 7.1-479 |
| c.218 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179, and Aratos are reconciled at assembly of Achaean League. | 218 atl3 |
| c.218 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179, sails to Limnaia Acarnania. | mid 218 atl3 |
| c.218 | LYCURGOS Eurypontid king of Sparta 219-10, fearing the ephors, leaves Sparta for Aetolia until 217. | 218 atl3 |
| c.218 | TEGEA Arcadia, under Sparta from 228, is in 2nd Achaean League until ?. | 218 rcPl |
| 218/17 | Eleans invade western Achaea. | 218/17 CAH 7.1-480 |
| c.217 | Incompetence of Achaean strategos Eperatos allows Aetolian general Pyrrhias to lead a raid into Achaea. | 217 atl3 |
| 217 May | EPERATOS, strategos of 2nd Achaean League from 218, ends. ARATOS resumes until May 216. | 217 CAH 7.1-480, DGRBM 1-255, GHH, atl3 |
| c.217 | ARATOS, strategos of 2nd Achaean League, establishes a mercenary force of 8,000 inf, 500 cav, and an elite citizen corps of 3,000 inf, 300 cav, of whom 500 inf and 50 cav each are to be furnished by Argos and Megalopolis. 3 ships are to cruise off Argolis and 3 in the Corinthian Gulf. | 217 CAH 7.1-480 |
| c.217 | CHAEREPHON, eponymous archon of Athens from 218, ends. CALLIMACHOS succeeds until 216. | 217 wikEA |
| c.217 | CYNAETHA, northernmost town of Arcadia, attacked unsuccessfully by Aratos strategos of 2nd Achaean League. | 217 atl3 |
| c.217 | BYLAZORA, capital of Paeonia, commanding the pass from Dardania to Macedonia, under Dardanians from 219, recovered by PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179. | 217 CAH 7.1-454, 480, wikBlz, wikLng |
| c.217 | PHOCIS comes directly under a Macedonian commander, remains so until 198. | 217 CAH 7.1-454, 479 |
| c.217 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179, attacks Melitaea Thessaly unsuccessfully. |  |
217 CAH 7.1-480, atl3 |
| c.217 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179, besieges THEBAE in Phthiotis Thessaly for 15 days, takes it. | 217 mid CAH 7.1-480, atl3 |
| c.217 | LYCURGOS Eurypontid king of Sparta 219-10, in Aetolia from 218, recalled by ephors to Sparta. | 217 DGRBM 2-858, atl3 |
| c.217 | Aetolian general Pyrrhias plans with Lycurgos king of Sparta to invade Messenia, but Pyrrhias is repulsed by the Cyparissians before he could join with Lycurgos. Pyrrhias returns to Elis. | 217 DGRBM 3-608 |
| c.217 | LYCURGOS Eurypontid king of Sparta 219-10, back in power, invades Messenia, expecting to be joined by Aetolian general Pyrrhias, who is thwarted. Lycurgos achieves nothing and returns. | 217 DGRBM 2-858, atl3 |
| c.217 | Pyrrhias, strategos of Aetolian League from ?, relieved at request of Eleans. Euripidas succeeds until ?. | 217 DGRBM 2-59, 103, 3-608 |
| c.217 | Civil dissension at Megalopolis quashed by Aratos. | 217 atl3 |
| c.217 | Achaeans under Lycos of Pherae defeat Eleans and Aetolians under Euripidas. Physsias of Elis is captured. | 217 DGRBM 3-364 |
| c.217 | Euripidas strategos of Aetolian League attacks Tritaea on Elis/Achaea border. | 217 DGRBM 2-859 |
| c.217 | Mercenary leader Lycos of Pharae, sub-strategos of Achaean League, defeats Aetolians under Euripidas near Leontion in Achaea. | 217 DGRBM 2-59, 2-859, atl3 |
| c.217 | Mercenary leader Lycos of Pharae, sub-strategos of Achaean League, invades Elis, kills 200 Eleans, takes 80 prisoners. | 217 DGRBM 2-859 |
| c.217 | Elean Evanoridas taken prisoner by Lycos of Pharae, sub-strategos of Achaean League, who defeats Aetolians near Leontion in Achaea. | 217 DGRBM 2-59 |
| c.217 | Allies Elis and Aetolian League raid their opponents' territory. | 217 atl3 |
| c.217 | AGETAS, strategos of Aetolian League, ravages Acarnania and Epirus. | 217 DGRBM 1-71 |
| c.217 | Roman SENATE sends embassy to Philip-V, asking for delivery of Demetrius of Pharos, which Philip refuses. | 217 CAH 8-95 |
| c.217 | Roman SENATE sends embassy to Pinnes king of the Illyrian Ardiaei, reminds him that an installment of indemnity is late, offers to accept hostages, if Pinnes can't afford it. After 217, Pinnes is not mentioned again. Scerdilaidas and his son Pleuratus are the only recognized powers in Illyria. |
217 CAH 8-95 |
| c.217 | Macedonian general Taurion is sent, together with Aratus, to deal with the Aetolians at Naupactos Aetolia. | 217 DGRBM 3-984 |
| c. 217 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179, forces Aetolians to make peace based on status quo. SOCIAL WAR from 220 ends: Aetolian League + Sparta + Elis vs. 2nd Achaean League + Macedon, ends with Peace of Naupactos. Both keep what they had. Terms favor Philip-V, who acquires Triphylia, Phthiotic Achaea, and Zakynthos island, with garrisons in Orchomenos and Heraea, and with Phocis under a Macedonian commander. Aetolians at peace with Macedonia until 212. |
218 DGRBM 1-68 217 B76 I-117, 479, 8-383, Sep CAH 7.1, 7.1-481, 8-95, CDCC 829, DGRBM, LEWH 92, OCD 92, 997, RAH 388, SORH, bk, wikAS |
CONFUSION ALERT! ORCHOMENOS is a city in Boeotia and another in Arcadia.
| c.217 | ZAKYNTHOS island west of Peloponnese siezed by Philip-V in prepatation to fight either Rome or Illyria. Under Macedonia until 211. | 217 CAH 7.1-481 |
| c.217 | AGELAOS becomes strategos of Aetolian League. | 217 GHH, atl3 |
| c.217 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 goes to Argos for the Nemean games, receives report of victory of Hannibal at Trasimene (June). Informs new adviser, Demetrius, who urges him to end the Aetolian war and invade Illyria. | 218 GHH 217 mid CAH 7.1, 8-94, HRRP 1-636 |
| c.217 | Illyrian chief SCERDILAIDAS turns against Philip-V (now in Peloponnese), begins raiding in the Adriatic, captures by treachery some of Philip's ships, and attacks Macedonian border districts of Dassaretis and Pelagonia, where he takes several Macedonian frontier towns. | 217 CAH 8-95, DGRBM 3-739 |
| c.217 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 prepares for war against Illyrian chief Scerdilaidas. | 217 CAH 7.1 |
| c.217 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 invades Illyria. | 217 DGRBM 3-739, atl3 |
| c.217 | Before winter PHILIP-V recovers territories which had been occupied by Scerdilaidas earlier in 217 and captures some more towns. | 217 CAH 8-95, DGRBM 3-739 |
| c.217 | Illyrian chief SCERDILAIDAS appeals to Rome. | 217 DGRBM 3-739 |
| c.217 | Philip's first letter to Larissa Thessaly on filling the citizen-body. | 217 CAH 7.1 |
| c.217-6 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179, builds a fleet of 100 Illyrian-type lembi ships. | winter 217-6 CAH 8-96, DGRBM 3-281, 739 |
| 216 May | ARATOS, strategos of 2nd Achaean League from May 217, ends. TIMOXENOS elected until May 216. | 216 atl3 |
| c.216 | Roman envoys (including Q. Fabius Pictor) goes to Delphi to get advice from oracle after Roman defeat at Cannae. | 216 CAH 7.2-5, 8-427, atl3, wikQFP |
| c.216 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179, deploys his fleet of 100 Illyrian-type lembi ships in the Adriatic. Scerdilaidas informs the Senate, and the Senate sends a mere 10 ships. But it is enough to cause Philip-V to abandon his plans to take Apollonia and retires, with his whole fleet, to Cephalonia island. | 216 CAH 8-96, DGRBM 3-281, 739 |
| c.216 | ENCHELANES on west shore of Lake Lychnitis, in Dassaretia Illyria taken by PHILIP-V. | 216 DGRG 1-826 |
| c.216 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179, makes abortive naval expedition against Illyria. | 216 MCAW, atl3 |
| c.216 | BOEOTIA: Law and order breaks down. | 216 atl3 |
| c.216 | CALLIMACHOS, eponymous archon of Athens from 217, ends. Successor unknown until 215. | 216 wikEA |
| c.216 | AGESIPOLIS-III, Agiad king of Sparta 219-15, expelled by LUCURGOS, Eurypontid king of Sparta 219-15. | 216 atl3 |
| c.215 | Son of Cotys-III, RHESCUPORIS-I, a king in Thrace from 240, ends. Son (maybe) SEUTHES-IV succeeds until ?. | 215 wikOK |
| c.215 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 in the Peloponnese. | 215 CAH 8 |
| c.215 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 intervenes in Messenia, leading to a massacre of the oligarchic party. | 215 DGRBM 3-281 |
| c.215 | PHILIP-V proposes alliance with HANNIBAL, makes a vague treaty agreeing to supply Illyrian troops to Italy. If successful, Illyria is given to Demetrius and Roman possessions in Epirus go to Philip. | 216 TToH 215 B76 8-384, BI+N 131, CAH 7.1-226, 8, CDCC 541, 674, DGRBM 3-281, Dur 2-662, 3-20, GHH, IDB 3-784, LdHR 2-12, MCAW, MWΦ 140, OHG, atl3, lvG 214 Dur 3-85 |
| c.215 | LUCURGOS Eurypontid king of Sparta from 219, ends. | 215 OCD 1007-8, lvG, wikKS |
| c.215 | AGESIPOLIS-III, last Agiad king of Sparta from 219 deposed by Lycurgos. AGIAD DYNASTY ends. Began 930. | 215 MRDK, OCD 1008 |
| c.215 | AETOLIAN LEAGUE suspects that Philip-V plans to conquer Greece with aid of Carthage. Refuses to help Philip-V against Rome. | 214 Dur 3-85 |
| c.215 | MESSENE in Messenia becomes democracy until 214. | 215 rcPl |
| c.215 | HAGNIAS becomes eponymous archon of Athens until 214. | 215 wikEA |
| c.215 | LACYDES of Cyrene, head of Platonic Academy from 241, forced to resign due to ill-health. He made no contribution but to continue the teachings of his predecessors. A council led by Evander and Telecles succeeds. No single leadership until 163. | 226/5 or 224/3 CHHΦ 224/3 B76 V-979 at least as late as 223 OCD 576 215 DGRBM 2-59, wikLC |
| c.214 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 launches 120 Macedonian lembi (light ships) into the Adriatic. | 214 spring CAH 8-98, DGRBM 3-281 |
| c.214 | Praetor M. Valerius LAEVINUS is made Roman fleet commander in Adriatic until 211, patrols Illyrian coast. His quinqueremes far outclass Philip-V's lembi. | 215 LEWH 92, 100 214 B76 VI-442, DGRBM 2-710, Dur 2-556, 3-20, OCD 928 |
| c.214 | Oricon in northern Epirus, hassled by Philip-V's ships, appeals to Roman fleet commander M. Valerius Laevinus for help, then falls to Philip. | 214 CAH 8-98, DGRBM 3-281, LdHR 2-13 |
| c.214 | Roman fleet commander M. Valerius Laevinus sails to Epirus and easily recovers Oricon. | 214 LdHR 2-13 |
| c.214 | APOLLONIA Illyria, besieged by 120 Macedonian lembi (light ships), relieved by Q. Naevius Crista, an officer under M. Valerius Laevinus. | 214 CAH 8-98, DGRBM 3-281, SORH, atl3 |
| c.214 | Roman fleet commander M. Valerius Laevinus sails to Apollonia, secretly enters Apollonia with 2,000 troops. | 214 LdHR 2-14 |
| c.214 | PHILIP-V burns his 120 Macedonian lembi (light ships) at the mouth of the Aous and retreats over mountains to Macedonia. | 214 CAH 8-98, DGRBM 3-281, LdHR 2-14 |
| c.214 | GALATIANS in Thrace from ?, expelled back to Anatolia, but Celtic kingdom of TILIS, remains until 212. | 214 hifiGlt |
| c.214 | 1st MACEDONIAN WAR with ROME begins until 205. Rome sends a few troops to keep Philip-V from joining Hannibal. | 215 CAH 7.1-432, LEWH 92, 100 214 B76 I-634, VI-442, CAH 8, Dur 2-556, 3-20, GHH, OCD 928, OHG, SORH, frH |
| c.214 | HAGNIAS, eponymous archon of Athens from 215, ends. DIOCLES succeeds until 213. | 214 wikEA |
| c.214 | DEMETRIUS of Pharos dies. Former chieftain in Illyria, sent by Philip-V, tries to take Messene in Peloponese, killed there. | 214 B76 III-457, DGRBM 3-281, atl3, wikDΦ |
| c.214 | After Demetrius of Pharos dies, PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 invades Messenia, devastates the land. | 214 DGRBM 3-281 |
| c.214 | Philip-V is balling the wife of Aratos of Sicyon. | 214 DGRBM 3-281 |
| c.214 | Aratos of Sicyon persuades Philip-V to spare Messene. | 214 atl3 |
| c.214 | MESSENE in Messenia, democracy from 214, no longer democracy. | 214 rcPl |
| 214/3 | M. Valerius LAEVINUS is reappointed pro-praetor until 211, remains fleet commander in Adriatic 214-11 winters at Oricon in north Epirus. | 214 DGRBM 2-710 214/3 CAH 8-98, DGRBM 2-710, LdHR 2-14 |
| c.213 | CHERSONESE, under Ptolemies from 272, comes under Macedonia until 196. | 213 rcT |
| c.213 | Kingdom of PAEONIA (Vardar Valley area in north Macedonia, and west Bulgaria), under Celts from 281, comes under Thrace until 208. | 213 rcEB |
| c.213 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 crosses Pindus Mountains again, takes control of the Parthini, Dimale, and the Atintanes in Illyria. | 213 CAH 8-98 |
| c.213 | LISSOS, Greek fortress city on Illyrian coast, surrenders to Philip-V of Macedon. Lissos may have been part of Scerdilaidas' territory. This puts a land-barrier between Scerdilaidas and the Roman base at Oricon. A large part of Illyria submits to Philip. |
213 CAH 8, 8-98, DGRBM 3-281, LdHR 2-14, atl3 211 wikL |
| c.213 | DIOCLES, eponymous archon of Athens from 214, ends. EUPHILETOS succeeds until 212. | 213 wikEA |
| c.213 | M. Valerius LAEVINUS, pro-praetor 214-11, in Aetolia and Achaea, watches Philip-V until 211. | 213 DGRBM 2-710 |
| c.213 | ARATOS of Sicyon dies. Main strategos of 2nd Achaean League (now called Hellenic League 224) dies at Aegion (Aegium) Achaea of a slow poison given him by instigation of Philip-V thru Macedonian general Taurion. PHILOPOEMEN succeeds (1st of 8 times ending in 183). | 214 DGRBM 3-984 213 B76 I-479, CDCC 63, DGRBM 1-255, 3-281, GHH, OCD 92, OHG, atl3, wikAS, wikΦlp |
| c.213 | MESSENIA ravaged by Philip-V. | 213 atl3 |
| c.213 | THRACE, under Celts from 273, independent until 208. | 213 rcEB |
| c.213 |  TERES-IV and ADEOS end. Kings of Odrysians in Thrace from 235. Son of Rascouporis-I, SEUTHES-IV succeeds until 175, independent until 208. RASCOUPORIS-I is king of part until ?. |
215 wikLRTD 213 frH, rcSB2 |
| c.213 | Conference at Naupactos Aetolia. Aetolian delegate AGELAOS appeals for Greek unity. | 213 Dur 2-662 |
| c.212 | EUPHILETOS, eponymous archon of Athens from 213, ends. HERACLEITOS succeeds until 211. | 212 wikEA |
| c. 212 | M. Valerius LAEVINUS fleet commander in Adriatic 214-11 negotiates military alliance with Aetolians against Illyria and Philip-V: Aetolians to immediately begin war on Philip by land. Romans to provide not less than 25 quinqueremes. As far north as Corcyra, any cities conquered by Romans belong to the Aetolians; moveable property (including persons and animals) belong to Romans. Cities conquered jointly by Aetolians and Romans go to the Aetolians, loot divided. Romans to help Aetolia to conquer Acarnania. Elis, Sparta, Attalos of Pergamum, Pleuratus, and Scerdilaidas, might also co-operate. Treaty is not ratified by senate until 210, but war proceeds as if it had been ratified at once. |
212 CAH 8-85 212/11 CAH 8-99-100 OCD 576 211 B76 8-384, DGRBM 3-281, 739, LdHR 2-14 |
| c.212 | Illyrian chief SCERDILAIDAS becomes king of Dalmatia until 206. | 212 rcWB |
| c.212 | Cavarus, king of Thracian Gauls, assists Byzantium in wars with Thracians and Bithynians. | 212 atl3 |
| c.212 | Celtic kingdom of TILIS, in east Thrace from 276, is destroyed by Pleuratus, would-be king of Thrace. | 214 hifiCT 212 CAH 7.1-423, hifiGlt, wikOK 210 LEWH 90 |
| c.212 | CIROADAS becomes a king in Thrace until 205. | 212 wikOK |
| c.212 | OENIDAE in Acarnania taken by M. Valerius LAEVINUS. | 212 CAH 8 |
| c.211 | P. (probably an error for M.) Valerius takes hostages from Epidauros in Argolis. | 211 atl3 |
| c.211 | HERACLEITOS, eponymous archon of Athens from 212, ends. ARCHELAOS succeeds until 210. | 211 wikEA |
| c.211 | AETOLIAN LEAGUE allies with Thracians, Pleuratos, king of Illyria, & Attalus of Pergamum against Philip-V, king of Macedonia 221-179. | 212/11 CDCC 31 211 DGRG 1-66, LEWH 100, OHG, SORH, atl3, wikSA |
| c.211 | SINTIA, Dardanian city, and the northern area of Pelagonia taken by PHILIP-V. | 211 wikLng |
| c.211 | SCOPAS, strategos of Aetolian League, presides in Aetolian assembly, which allies with praetor, M. Valerius Laevinus, on promise of help conquering Acarnania. Laevinus now heads the whole coalition. War with Philip-V until 205. | 212/11 CDCC 31 211 DGRBM 1-1067, 3-413, 753, DGRG 1-66, LEWH 100, OHG, atl3, wikSA |
| c.211 | ZAKYNTHOS island west of Peloponnese, under Macedonia from 217, siezed by Romans until ?. | 211 B76 X-853 |
| c.211 | Aetolian envoy Chlaenos sent to Sparta to get help against Philip-V. | 211 DGRBM 1-695 |
| c.211 | SCOPAS, strategos of Aetolian League, assembles forces for invasion of Acarnania. But Acarnanian resistance, and advance of Philip-V to their relief, thwarts him. | 212/11 CDCC 31 211 DGRBM 3-753, OHG, atl3, wikSA |
| c.211 | M. Valerius LAEVINUS fleet commander in Adriatic from 214, returns with most of his fleet and army to Rome. SULPICIUS GALBA succeeds as commander of a reduced fleet and commander in Greece until 206. | 211 CAH 8, OCD 454 210 DGRBM 2-710, LdHR 2-14 |
| c.211 | Acarnanian LYCISCOS sent to Sparta to urge them to ally with Philip-V, or at least not to join the Romans or Aetolian League. | 211 DGRBM 2-845 |
| c.211 | Treaty between M. Valerius Laevinus and Aetolia against Philip-V negotiated by Sulpicius Galba. | 211 DGRBM, GHH |
| c.210 | ANTICYRA on coast of Phocis, distracted with civil dissent, besieged by Aetolians under Scopas and fleet commander M. Valerius Laevinus. | 210 DGRBM 3-753 |
| c.210 | ANTICYRA taken by M. Valerius LAEVINUS & Aetolian League under SCOPAS. Anticyra comes under Aetolian League until ? | 211 CAH 8 210 CAH 8-102, DGRBM 2-710, 3-281, 753, atl3, wikSA |
| c.210 | The Dardani and Thracian Maedi are defeated by Philip-V. | 210 atl3 |
| c.210 | ARCHELAOS, eponymous archon of Athens from 211, ends. AESCHRON succeeds until 209. | 210 wikEA |
| c.210 | AEGINA Island, in 2nd Achaean League from 229, captured and looted by SULPICIUS GALBA commander in Greece. By treaty with Rome, it comes under now Roman, Aetolian League until sold. | 210 CAH 8-102, DGRBM 2-204, GHH, OCD 454, rcAg |
| c.210 | AEGINA Island, under Aetolia 210, sold for 30 talents to Attalus of Pergamum. Under Pergamum until 133 | 210 CAH 8-102, rcAg 200 rcAg |
| c.210 | ATTALUS-I, ruler of Pergamum 241-197, king 230, having bought Aegina Island, supports Aetolian League with fleet & troops against Philip-V king of Macedonia until 207. | 210 CAH 8-102, OCD 144 |
| c.210 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 besieging Echinos Thessaly (east of Phalara), resists Aetolians and Sulpicius Galba's attempts to rescue it. |  |
210 DGRBM 2-204, 281 |
| c.210 | ECHINOS Thessaly (east of Phalara) taken by PHILIP-V. | 210 CAH 8, DGRBM 3-281 |
| c.210 | LYCURGOS dies. Eurypontid king of Sparta from 219. Young son PELOPS succeeds until 206. MACHANIDAS is regent/tyrant until 207. | 212 lvG 210 DGRBM 2-858, MRDK, rcPl, wikKS |
| c.210 | MACHANIDAS, regent/tyrant of Sparta 210-06, listens to speeches by Claenias of Aetolia and Lyciscos of Acarnania, prompting him to ally with Aetolians. | 210 CAH 8, LEWH 92, atl3 |
| c.210 | SPARTA, MANTINEA, ELIS joins Roman / Aetolian alliance against PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179. They clash until 207. | 210 LEWH 92, OCD 144 |
| c.210 | PHILOPOEMEN, mercenary leader, in Crete from 221, returns to Greece until 200. Immediately appointed commander of Achaean cavalry. Introduces reforms: Rich people can no longer send substitutes to the cavalry. | 210 B76 VII-951, DGRBM 3-319, wikΦlp 208 LdHR 2-15 |
| c.209 | AMYNAS, king of Athamania 220-178, and other neutral parties try ineffectively to mediate between Philip-V and Aetolians. | 209 CAH 8-102, OCD 56 |
| c.209 | PTRRHIAS becomes strategos of Aetolian League until ?. | 209 GHH |
| c.209 | Aetolians under Pyrrhias supported by 1,000 Romans sent by Galba and some Pergamese defeated by Philip-V of Macedon at 1st & 2nd battles of Lamia Thessaly. Aetolians have 1,000 casualties in 1st battle | 214 GHH 209 DGRBM 2-204, wik1BLwikLRB |
| c.209 | Carthaginian admiral Bomilcar arrives at Corcyra. | 209 CAH 8-102 |
| c.209 | AESCHRON, eponymous archon of Athens from 210, ends. Successor unknown until 207. | 209 wikEA |
| c.209 | Achaean League under Philopoemen, supported by Philip-V, campaign against Spartans, Messenians, and Eleans unsuccessfully. | 209 DGRBM 3-282 |
| c.209 | Pyrrhias becomes strategos of Aetolian League until ?. | 208 DGRBM 3-608 |
| c.209 | Aetolian League under Pyrrhias, supported by Attalus and Roman praetor Sulpicius, advances to Lamia to oppose the passage of Philip-V towards the Peloponnese. | 208 DGRBM 3-608 |
| c.209 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 marches south thru Thessaly, defeats Aetolian general Pyrrhias and allied Roman troops. Pyrrhias retreats to Lamia. Philip-V forces the pass at Thermopylae. | 209 DGRBM 3-282 208 DGRBM 3-608 |
| c.209 | PHILIP-V enters Peloponnese. | 208 DGRBM 3-608 |
| c.209 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 visits Argos and attends Nemean Games, where he is made president of them. | 209 DGRBM 3-282, atl3 208 DGRA 795 |
| c.209 | Rhodians, Chians, Athenians, and agents of Ptolemy-IV offer gifts and peace petitions to Philip-V. Negotiations including Achaean League open at Aegion (Aegium) Achaea, but are dashed by extravagant demands of Aetolians. | 209 DGRBM 3-282, LdHR 2-15 |
| c.209 | SULPICIUS GALBA based at Naupactos Aetolia, sends 15 ships to north coast of Peloponnese. Romans plunder the country. | 209 DGRBM 2-204 |
| c.209 | Philip-V stops at Dyme Achaea enroute to Elis. Chases Romans back to Naupactos Aetolia. | 209 DGRBM 2-204 |
| c.209 | Philip-V, supported by Achaean League under Philopoemen, invades Elis, and is defeated at the city walls. Philopoemen again distinguishes himself, personally killing Elean commander Demophantos. | 209 DGRBM 3-282, 319, GHH, atl3 |
| c.209 | Epirus in anarchy. | 209 GHH |
| c.209 | DARDANIANS invade Macedonia. | 209 atl3 |
| c.209 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 learns of Dardanian invasion, forced to return to Macedonia. He leaves generals Menippos and Polyphantas with 2,500 troops to protect the Achaeans. | 209 DGRBM 3-282, atl3 208 DGRBM 2-1041, DGRBM 3-468 |
| c.209 | PHILOPOEMEN becomes strategos of 2nd Achaean League 1st time, enlarges Achaean army, reorganizes entire military, updates soldiers' equipment and battle tactics. Heavy armor replaces light armor. Longer spears, larger shields, Macedonian phalanx and tactics. | 209 atl3, wikΦlp 208 B76 VII-951, DGRBM 3-319, atl3 |
| c.209 | Now that Philip-V is back in Macedonia, SULPICIUS GALBA moves headquarters from Naupactos Aetolia to Aegina Island. | 209 DGRBM 2-204 |
| 209/8 | SULPICIUS GALBA and ATTALUS of Pregamum both winter on Aegina island. | 209/8 DGRBM 2-204 208/7 DGRBM 1-410 |
| 209/8 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 active defending allies. | 209/8 B76 8-384 |
| c.208 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 is surrounded by enemies: Illyrian princes Scerdilaidas and Pleuratus and Thracian Maedi threaten west and north borders, Attalus of Pergamum and proconsul Sulpicius attack from east by sea. | 208 DGRBM 3-282 |
| c.208 | LONGAROS king of Dardania 231-06, invades north Macedonia, occupies region of Orestida, takes 20,000 prisoners, reaches the plain of Argestes. | 208 wikLng |
| c.208 | Acarnanian and Boeotian allies of Philip-V beg for support against Aetolians and Spartans. | 208 DGRBM 3-282 |
| c.208 | THRACE, independent from 213, comes under Macedonia until 183. | 208 rcEB |
| c.208 | SEUTHES-IV king of Odrysians in Thrace 213-175, becomes Macedonian vassal until 183. | 208 frH, rcSB2 |
| c.208 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 makes headquarters at Demetrias Thessaly. | 208 DGRBM 3-282 |
| c.208 | POLYPHANTAS sent with a small force by Philip-V to help Boeotians and Phocians. | 207 DGRBM 3-468 |
| c.208 | PHILOPOEMEN strategos of 2nd Achaean League from 209, succeeded by CYCLIADAS until 207. | 208 DGRBM 1-908, GHH |
| c.208 | Attalus of Pergamum and proconsul Sulpicius sail from Nicaea east of Thermopylae to OREOS (occupied by a Macedonian garrison) on north coast of Euboea, which Sulpicius captures and sacks. Attalus proceeds to Opuntian Locris. | 208 DGRBM 3-282, atl3 207 DGRBM 1-410 |
| c.208 | SULPICIUS GALBA tries to take Chalcis Euboea from Philip-V, fails, sails to Cynos in Opuntian Locris. | 208 DGRBM 2-204, 3-282 |
| c.208 | AMYNAS, king of Athamania, mediates between Philip-V and the Aetolians. | 208 DGRBM 1-154 |
| c.208 |  |
208 DGRBM 2-204, 3-282 207 DGRBM 1-410 no date: wikAt1 |
| c.208 | ATTALUS-I Soter, king of Pergamum 241-197 sails from Oreos Euboea to Anatolia to meet attack of Prusias of Bithynia. | 209/8 B76 8-384 208 DGRBM 2-204, atl3 207 DGRBM 1-410 |
| c.208 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 marches on Heraclea in Trachis Thessaly. | 208 atl3 |
| c.208 | Kingdom of PAEONIA (Vardar Valley area in north Macedonia, and west Bulgaria), under Thrace from 213, comes under Macedonia until 180. | 208 rcEB |
| c.208 | Carthaginian admiral Bomilcar, based at Corcyra from 209, sails to mouth of Corinthian Gulf, decides not to risk a battle with the Romans. | 208 CAH 8-102 |
| c.207 | CYCLIADAS strategos of 2nd Achaean League from 208, succeeded by NICIAS until 206. | 207 GHH |
| c.207 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 gets jealous of Philopoemen and tries to have him murderd. The plot is exposed, winning Philip the contempt of all Greeks. | after Mantinea: DGRBM 3-319 |
| c.207 | MACHANIDAS regent/tyrant of Sparta 210-07 invades Elis. | 207 DGRBM 2-884 |
| c.207 | PHILOPOEMEN, leader of 2nd Achaean League, defeats MACHANIDAS of Sparta between Mantinea and Tegea. | 208 DGRG 1-16, bk 207 B76 VI-581, VII-951, 8-384, CAH 8, DGRBM 2-884, 3-319, LEWH 92, wikΦlp |
| c.207 | CALLISTRATOS becomes eponymous archon of Athens until 206. | 207 wikEA |
| c.207 | MACHANIDAS dies. Regent/tyrant of Sparta from 210 for minor Eurypontid king Pelops, killed in single combat by Philopoemen at Mantinea. Syrian NABIS is made dictator to 206. | 208 GHH 207 B76 VII-157, DGRBM 2-1133, 3-319, Dur 2-570, LEWH 92, atl3, wikKS, , wikNb, wikΦlp, wikWaN |
| c.207 | TEGEA Arcadia, taken (soon after Mantinea) by Philopoemen, who then moves his army as far as the Eurotas. | 207 wikΦlp |
| c.207 | PHILOPOEMEN, leader of 2nd Achaean League, stages a military display at Nemean Games. | 207 atl3 |
| c.207 | General MENIPPOS sent by Philip-V, to defend Chalcis Euboea against Romans and Attalus-I. | 207 DGRBM 2-1041 |
| c.207 | CHALCIS Euboea, under Philip's general Menippos, attacked unsuccessfully by Romans, under Sulpicius Galba and Attalus of Pergamum. | 207 DGRG 1-600 |
| c.207 | OREOS Euboea, under Philip's general Plator, betrayed to the Romans, under Sulpicius. | 207 DGRBM 3-405 |
| c.207 | PELOPS ends. Last Eurypontid king of Sparta from 210, overthrown (or killed) by regent NABIS, backed by mercenaries. Nabis claims descent from deposed Eurypontid Demaratos. NABIS usurps throne until 192. | 207 CDCC 603, Dur 2-556, GHH, MCAW, lvG, wikNb 206 CAH 8, MRDK, rcPl, wikKS no date: DGRBM 2-1133 |
| c.207 | NABIS, attempted usurper of Sparta, institutes radical policies. | 207 bk |
| c.207 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179, lands at Erythrea near Eupalion in Aetolia, raids Aetolia, destroys sanctuary at Thermum (Thermae), and then attends council of 2nd Achaean League. | 207 CAH 8, DGRG 1-875, atl3 |
| c.207 | EUBOEA taken by P. Sulpicius Galba. | 207 SORH |
| 207/6 | P. SULPICIUS GALBA and Attalus of Pergamum winter in Aegina. | 207/6 SORH |
| 207/6 | CHRYSIPPOS of Soli, head of the Stoa in Athens from 232, dies. No succesor until 204. | 207 B76 11-60, CAH 7.1, DGRBM, Dur 2-556, GHH 206 EoΦ 2-109, 8-19, OHG 424, atl3, bk 208-04 CHHΦ |
| c.206 | LONGAROS king of the Dardani from 231, ends. Son BATO succeeds until 176. | 206 wikBt, wikLng |
| c.206 | CALLISTRATOS, eponymous archon of Athens from 207, ends. PANTIADES succeeds until 205. | 206 wikEA |
| c.206 | AETOLIANS, allied with Rome against Philip-V from 210, make separate peace with Philip until 202 | 206 B76 8-384, 15-1093, CAH 8-103, CDCC 31, LEWH 92, 100, atl3 205 GHH |
| c.206 | SCERDILAIDAS dies. King of the Illyrian Ardiae from 218, king of Dalmatia from 212. Son PLEURATOS-III succeeds until 181. | 206 rcWB, wikLI, wikSc no date: DGRBM 3-739 |
| c.206 | P. SULPICIUS GALBA Roman commander in Greece from 211, returns to Rome. P. SEMPRONIUS TUDITANUS succeeds with 10,000 inf, 1,000 cav, and 35 warships until 204. The force is inadequate to fight Philip-V by itself and cannot have been intended to operate alone. | 206 OCD 454 205 CAH 8-104, DGRBM 3-1181 204 DGRBM 2-204 |
| c.205 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 marches to Apollonia Illyria to face a Roman force led by P. Sempronius Tuditanus. | 205 atl3 |
| c.205 | 1st MACEDONIAN WAR with ROME from 214 ends. Proconsul Tuditanus makes treaty ( Peace of Phoenice or Dyrrhachium ) with PHILIP-V in order to deal with Hannibal. Terms favorable terms for Macedonia. Philip to give up the Parthini and Dimale, and the west coast of Epirus, but Philip retains the Atintanes. Bargullum and Eugenium (locations unknown) to be Roman. Otherwise Philip keeps his conquests. Critical harbor towns, Corcyra, Oricon, Apollonia, Dyrrhachium, remain Roman friends. Romans now leave Greece. 2nd 200 | 205 B76 I-634, VII-157, CAH 7.1-432, 8-104, 431, DGRBM 3-1181, Dur 2-556, 662, 3-20, GHH, MCAW, OHG, SORH, frH, lvG, atl3 204 DGRBM 2-1134 |
| c.205 | ATINTANIA, a mountainous district in Illyria, north of Molossis and east of Parauaea, assigned to Philip-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 by treaty. | 204 DGRG 1-311 |
| c.205 | CIROADAS, a king in Thrace from 212, ends. | 205 wikOK |
| c.205 | PHILIP-V, sees chance to defeat Rhodes, allies with Aetolian and Spartan pirates who begin raiding Rhodian ships. CRETAN WAR begins until 200. Philip-V, Aetolian League, several Cretan cities (Olous and Hierapytna are most important) and Spartan pirates against Rhodes, and later Attalus-I of Pergamum, Byzantium, Cyzicus, Athens and Knossos. |
205 CAH 8, wikCW |
| c.205 | Spartan pirate DIKAIARCHOS receives 20 ships from Philip-V with orders to go pirating in the Aegean, raid the islands, and help the Cretans against Rhodes. | 205 TAG 87 |
| Greek language has only one term for pirate and privateer. | TAG 87 |
| c.205 | PANTIADES, eponymous archon of Athens from 206, ends. DIODOTOS succeeds until 204. | 205 wikEA |
| c.205 | NABIS usurper of Sparta 206-192 signs peace treaty with Rome. | 205 wikWaN |
| c.205 | Q. Catius, Servius Sulpicius GALBA, M. Valerius Falto, Cn. Tremellius Flaccus, M. Valerius Laevinus, M. Pomponius Matho, and M. Caecilius Metellus are sent from Rome to Delphi, thence to Ionia to get support from Attalos of Pergamum for a war with Philip-V. | 205 DGRBM 2-135, 205, 711, 1057, 3-1171 |
| c.205 | LACYDES of Cyrene, former head of Academy 241-15, after a long illness, dies. Nothing survives of his works. | 206/5 CHHΦ 205 B76 V-979, atl3, wikLC |
| c.205 | DIONYSIUS of Lamptrai, head of Epicurean Kepos (Garden) in Athens from 219/8, dies. BASILIDES succeeds until 175. | 205 wikBE, wikDL 205/4 CHHΦ |
| 205/4 | Treaty of Partition : PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 and ANTIOCHUS-III Megas agree to divide the Ptolemaic Empire. | 205 LdHR 2-17, lvPt5 |
| c.204 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 plots to murder Philopoemen. Fails. | 204 atl3 |
| c.204 | DIODOTOS, eponymous archon of Athens from 205, ends. APOLLODOROS succeeds until 203. | 204 wikEA |
| c.204 | STOA at Athens, leaderless from 207/6, ZENO of Tarsus becomes head of Stoics until 180. | 207 GHH 204 OCD 1145 |
| c.204 | SCOPAS and DORIMACHOS are appointed to reform the constitution of the Aetolian League, make revolutionary laws to deal with League debt. Both are unqualified, and Scopas seeks personal gain. | 204 DGRA 27, DGRBM 1-1067, 3-754, GHH, atl3, wikSA |
| c.204 | SCOPAS, having botched the reform legislation of the Aetolian League, moves to Alexandria, remains until 201/0. | 204 DGRBM 3-754 |
| c.204 | NABIS usurper of Sparta 206-192 unsuccessfully attacks Megalopolis. | 204 wikNb |
| c.204 | NABIS usurper of Sparta 206-192, kills or banishes all rich people, takes their estates. | 204 atl3 no date: DGRBM 2-1133 |
| c.203 | SOPATER, general of Philip-V, with 4,000 troops and some money, sails to Africa to help Carthage. | 203 DGRBM 3-864 |
| c. 203 | Roman envoys: C. Terentius Varro, C. Mamilius Vitulus, and M. Aurelius sent from Rome to investigate allied Greek complaints against Philip-V. Greeks say Philip never compensated for ravaging their territories, also that Philip had sent 4,000 soldiers to Africa to help Carthage. These must have been volunteers or mercenaries, since Philip would not have chosen this of all times to send his first support to Carthage. M. Aurelius remains in the Balkans and raises troops to protect Roman allies. Varro and Mamilius then take these compaints to Philip-V. |
203 CAH 8-245, DGRBM 3-1222, 1279 |
| c.203 | APOLLODOROS, eponymous archon of Athens from 204, ends. PROXENIDES succeeds until 202. | 203 wikEA |
| c.202 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179, sends OLYMPICOS to conquer Iasos Caria (good naval base). | 202 CAH 8-151 |
| c.202 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179, begins operations in Aegean, takes free cities in straits and Thrace to control straits and prepare for Ptolemaic offensive. Cities taken in Thrace: Lysimachia, Perinthos, Sestos; in Anatolia: Chalcedon, Cius, Myrelia. | 202 B76 8-384, BHS 2-32, CAH 8-151, 252 no date: LEWH 92 |
| c.202 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179 and ANTIOCHUS-III Megas king of Syria/Babylonia 223-187, both now in Caria, secretly renew their 205/4 treaty against Ptolemaic Egypt, divide Ptolemaic coastal possessions between them, neither intending to keep his word. | 203 CDCC 674, LEWH 92, OHG 202 CAH 8-151, OCD 72 |
| c.202 | THRACE surrenders to Methodoros, officer of Philip-V conditionally: no tribute, no Macedonian garrisons, no troops levied from them, no interference with their laws. Philip-V accepts their terms, then enslaves them. | 202 DGRBM 2-1070 |
| c.202 | THASOS island taken by treachery by PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179, returning from straits. | 202 CAH 8-151 |
| c.202 | Lysippos becomes strategos of 2nd Achaean League until ?. | 202 GHH |
| c.202 | AETOLIANS ask Rome for help against Philip-V. Rebuffed because of their "defection" in 206. | 202 CAH 8-152 |
| c.202 | PROXENIDES, eponymous archon of Athens from 203, ends. DIONYSIOS succeeds until 201. | 202 wikEA |
| 202/1 | NABIS, usurper of Sparta 206-192, invades and captures MESSENE, currently his ally, but also ally of Rome. | 202 DGRBM 3-319, GHH 202/1 DGRBM 2-1134 201 atl3, wikNb, wikΦlp, wikWaN |
| c.201 | PHILOPOEMEN tries unsuccessfully to persuade Lysippos, strategos of 2nd Achaean League to rescue Messene from Nabis. | 202/1 DGRBM 3-319 |
| c.201 May | LYSIPPOS, strategos of 2nd Achaean League from 202, ends. PHILOPOEMEN succeeds until May 200. | 201 DGRBM 2-1134, wikΦlp |
| c.201 | DIONYSIOS, eponymous archon of Athens from 202, ends. ISOCRATES succeeds until 200. | 201 wikEA |
| c.201 | NABIS, usurper of Sparta 206-192, is forced to retreat from Messene when 2nd Achaean League army under Philopoemen intervenes and defeats him at Tegea. | 202/1 DGRBM 2-1134, 3-319 201 DGRBM 3-319, atl3, wikΦlp, wikWaN 201/0 B76 VII-951 200 atl3 |
| c.201 | Embassy from Athens to Rome led by Cephisodorus, complains of Philip-V's activities against Athens. | 201 CAH 8 no date: CAH 8-257 |
| c.201 | Macedonian embassy to Rome asks for return of Macedonians and their leader, Sopater, who had been captured at Zama. Also objects to M. Aurelius still in Balkan area. | 201 CAH 8-245 |
| c.201 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179, defeats Rhodian fleet at LADE island near Miletos, drives them south, fails to pursue, turns and lands at Miletos, hurries toward Pergamum, fails to capture. | 201 B76 8-384, CAH 8-154, 253 |
| c.201 | ATTALUS-I Soter, king of Pergamum 241-197 sides with Rhodes against Philip-V. | 201 B76 I-634 |
| c.201 | PHILIP-V, king of Macedonia 221-179, goes personally to Caria, in Ionia until 200. | 201 CAH 7.1-461 |
| c.201 | At the Eleusinian Mysteries 2 Acarnanian boys accidentally stray into the temple of Demeter at Eleusis. They are executed. Acarnania, an ally of Philip-V, appeal to him for vengeance. Philip-V, now in Ionia, sanctions a raid on Attica, in which Macedonian troops participate. | 202 atl3 201 Sep CAH 8-257 |
| c.201 | M. Valerius LAEVINUS is made praetor and sent with fleet and army from Rome to north Greece. | 201 DGRBM 2-711 |
| 201 /0 | Roman envoys: C. Claudius Nero, P. Sempronius Tuditanus, and M. Aemilius Lepidus depart for Greece to tell Philip-V of Macedonia (now in Caria) the terms of the senatus consultum on which Rome is prepared to remain at peace with him. Philip must not attack the Greeks, must give compensation, as determined by a fair tribunal, for offences against Attalos. The legati are then to go to Egypt to announce the defeat of Carthage, to canvass support if war with Philip happens; and to try to mediate between Antiochus-III and Ptolemy-V. | 201 DGRBM 3-1181, lv4SW, 201/0 CAH 8-255, 258 |
| 201/0 | Roman envoys: C. Claudius Nero, P. Sempronius Tuditanus, and M. Aemilius Lepidus arrive on Greek coast, visit Epirus, Amynas of Athamania, and the Aetolian and Achaean Leagues, all of whom are currently friendly to or allied with Macedon. At each place they announce the terms of the senatus consultum. Then they reach Athens. | 201 DGRBM 3-1181 201/0 CAH 8-162, 258 |
| c.201/0 | Aetolian SCOPAS, in Egypt from 204, is sent with much money to Greece, to raise mercenaries for Ptolemy-V. He recruits over 6,000 young Aetolians and returns to Alexandria. | 200 DGRBM 3-754 |
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Balkan Peninsula 200-101 V
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